11月27日 | 英国R值降到0.9，下周3英国执行最新封城计划 | 英国留学生要了解的疫情信息（日报）

We now have reason to hope that by Spring, community testing and vaccines will combine to end this era of restrictions.

But to get there we must first navigate a hard winter when the burden on our NHS is heaviest and the cold weather favours the virus.

The data already suggests national measures in England have slowed - and in some places reversed - the growth of new cases.

As more data comes in, we hope and expect to see those trends continue.

Together we have prevented our NHS from being overwhelmed,

but those dangers have not gone away.

If we ease off now, we risk losing control of this virus all over again,

casting aside our hard won gains, and forcing us back into a New Year national lockdown with all the damage that would mean.

The tough measures in our Winter Plan are the best way to avoid this outcome.

All our friends around the world are grappling with the same question of how to keep people safe without retreating into a winter of hibernation.

In Italy there is a nightly curfew, in Germany, hospitality will remain closed until 20th December, and in France, until 20 January.

Across the whole of the UK, measures remain in place to control the virus.

Under our Winter Plan, England will return to a tiered system of local restrictions.（根据我们的冬季计划，英格兰将回到地方限制的分级系统。）

Our decisions on which area enters which tier are based on public health advice according to five indicators （我们根据5个指标，决定进入哪个区域进入哪个等级）:

• cases across all ages（各个年龄段的病例）

• especially the over 60s （尤其是超过60岁的人）

• the rate by which cases are rising or falling （感染上升或下降的速度）

• the percentage of those tested in a local population who have Covid（在当地人群中被检测出患有Covid的人所占的百分比）

• and the pressure on the NHS（NHS的压力值）

We are publishing data packs setting out the reasons behind decisions in each area.

To find out how this affects you, log on to gov.uk where all the information is available.

I’m sorry to confirm that, from Wednesday, most of England will be in the top two tiers with the toughest measures.(我很抱歉地确认，从下周三开始英格兰的大部分地区将在最严厉的二级制度里面执行最严厉的管理)

I know this will bring a great deal of heartache and frustration, especially for our vital hospitality sector,our pubs, our restaurants, our hotels, in so many ways the soul of our communities -which continue to bear a disproportionate share of the burden.

I really wish it were otherwise, but if we are to keep schools open – as we must - then our options in bearing down on the disease are necessarily limited.

What we will do is continue taking every possible step to protect jobs and livelihoods across the UK.

These tougher tiers strike a balance – they are sufficient to continue driving the virus downwards but it’s important to recognise they are less intrusive than the current national measures.

In all tiers, shops, gyms and the leisure sector, hairdressers, other forms of personal care, places of worship will reopen.

You will no longer be instructed to stay at home, though you should continue to work from home if you can.

The rule of 6 will once again apply in public outdoor spaces and organised outdoor sport can begin again.

But there is no doubt that the restrictions in all tiers are tough – and I am sorry about that.

While the data is beginning to improve, the virus is still prevalent, and the faster we drive it down the faster we can lift restrictions.

And that is exactly what these new tiers are designed to achieve.

While the previous tiers slowed the spread of the virus, they were never quite enough to cut the R below 1 and keep it there, so areas did not escape whatever level they were placed in.

Our new approach is designed to reduce R below 1, opening a path for areas to move down the scale, as soon as the situation improves.

And crucially, we now have the means to accelerate that moment of escape with rapid community testing, allowing anyone carrying the disease - including those without symptoms – to isolate thereby reducing the R.

And the truth is that at least one in three people with Covid have no symptoms at all and may be spreading the disease without even knowing that they’ve got it.（事实是，至少三分之一的Covid患者根本没有任何症状，而且可能在不知情的情况下传播疾病。）

The only way to identify them and protect everyone is through mass testing.

Liverpool shows what can be achieved.

In Liverpool, in the space of two and a half weeks, over 240,000 tests have been conducted and together with the effect of national restrictions, this has helped to reduce the number of cases in Liverpool City Region by more than two thirds.

So having previously been in tier 3, Liverpool City Region and Warrington will now be in tier 2.

This is a success story which we want other parts of the country to replicate

so we will work with local government, public health leaders and our fantastic Armed Forces, to offer community testing to tier 3 areas as quickly as possible, opening the way for them to follow Liverpool’s example.

Testing on this scale is untried, but in due course, if it works, where people test negative, it may also be possible for families and communities to be released from certain restrictions even if their home area stays in tier 3.

The allocation of tiers will be reviewed every fourteen days, starting on 16 December.（由12月16日起，每14天重新对等级制度进行审核）

So your tier is not your destiny.

Every area has the means of escape.

And I have no doubt that together we can get through this Winter, suppress the virus until vaccines come to our aid, and then reclaim our lives and all the things that we love.

以下区域进入1级疫情管理：

Cornwall Council

第一级管理详解：

• 不同家庭可以室内室外聚会，但六人规则需要维持（聚会不能超过6个人）

• 酒吧、酒吧和餐厅只提供餐桌服务（不允许自由走动），最后点餐时间为晚上10点，关门时间为晚上11点

• 娱乐场所可以重开

• 尽量不要前往三级疫情管理的地区地区旅行

• 允许在你的家人或泡泡内的人家过夜

• 所有酒店住宿可重新开放

• 礼拜场所可以重新开放，但来自不同家庭的六人以上不得互动

• 婚礼、同性婚礼和守夜活动可以有15位客人

• 葬礼可以有30名客人

• 运动课程和有组织的成人体育运动可以在户外进行，室内要遵循6人规则

• 体育赛事、现场表演和大型商业活动可以容纳50%的观众，或者4000人户外/ 1000人室内(以较低的数量为准)，但是需要保持观众间的社交距离

以下区域进入2级疫情管理：

Cumbria, Liverpool City Region, Warrington and Cheshire, York, North Yorkshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire, Shropshire and Telford & Wrekin, Rutland, Northamptonshire, Suffolk, Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire, including Peterborough, Norfolk, Essex, Thurrock and Southend on Sea, Bedfordshire and Milton Keynes, All 32 boroughs plus the City of London, East Sussex, West Sussex, Brighton and Hove, Surrey, Reading, Wokingham, Bracknell Forest, Windsor and Maidenhead, West Berkshire, Hampshire (except the Isle of Wight), Portsmouth and Southampton, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire, South Somerset, Somerset West and Taunton, Mendip and Sedgemoor, Bath and North East Somerset, Dorset, Bournemouth, Christchurch, Poole, Gloucestershire, Wiltshire and Swindon, Devon

第二级管理详解：

• 除了泡泡内的人外，禁止不同家庭在室内聚会——户外遵循6人原则

• 酒吧与夜店必须关闭，除非仅作为餐厅经营，而且只能在餐食的时候提供酒水

• 最后点餐时间为晚上10点，11点关门

• 减少旅行次数，避免到三级疫情管理地区旅行

• 仅允许在你的泡泡内的人家过夜

• 酒店开放

• 礼拜场所是开放的，但人们不能与家庭以外的人交流

• 婚礼、同性婚礼和守夜活动可以有15位客人

• 葬礼可以有30名客人

• 运动课程和有组织的成人体育运动可以在户外进行，但如果与不同家庭之间有任何互动，则不能在室内进行

• 体育赛事、现场表演和大型商业活动可以容纳50%的观众，或者2000人户外/ 1000人室内(以较低的数量为准)，但是需要保持观众间的社交距离

以下区域进入3级疫情管理：

Tees Valley Combined Authority:, Hartlepool, Middlesbrough, Stockton-on-Tees, Redcar and Cleveland, Darlington, Sunderland, South Tyneside, Gateshead, Newcastle upon Tyne, North Tyneside, County Durham, Northumberland, Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Blackpool, Blackburn with Darwen, The Humber, West Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, Birmingham and Black Country, Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent, Warwickshire, Coventry and Solihull, Derby and Derbyshire, Nottingham and Nottinghamshire, Leicester and Leicestershire, Lincolnshire, Slough (remainder of Berkshire is tier 2: High alert), Kent and Medway, Bristol, South Gloucestershire, North Somerset

第三级管理详解：

• 禁止不同家庭的人在室内或大部分室外场所聚会——公园和运动场等户外场所的需要遵守6人规定

• 娱乐场所全部关闭，除了外卖、汽车订餐或外送服务

• 室内娱乐场地关闭

• 除非有必要，避免外出旅行，包括国外旅行

• 除非因工作、教育或类似原因，否则不得在外地过夜

• 酒店关闭(工作目的等有限例外情况除外)

• 礼拜场所是开放的，但人们不能与家庭以外的人交流

• 婚礼、同性婚礼和守夜可以有15位客人，但不允许举行婚宴

• 葬礼可以有30名客人

• 运动课程和有组织的成人运动可以在户外进行，但要接触性的高风险活动

• 团体运动和室内运动不应进行，除非与泡泡内的人

• 体育赛事可以在没有观众的情况下举行

• 禁止现场表演、大型户外活动和大型商业活动，但允许驾车参加活动

• 三级地区将得到新冠快速检测结果，军队将给予支持